Panic Disorder in Children

A retrospective study has shown that 40% of adult Panic Disorder patients reported that their disorder began before the age of 20.[11] In an article examining the phenomenon of Panic Disorder in youth, Diler et al. (2004)[12] found that only a few past studies have examined the occurrence of juvenile Panic Disorder. They report that these studies have found that the symptoms of juvenile Panic Disorder almost replicate those found in adults – e.g. heart palpitations, sweating, trembling, hot flashes, nausea, abdominal distress, and chills.

Bipolar Disorder: History

Varying moods and energy levels have been a part of the human experience since time immemorial. The words “melancholia” (an old word for depression) and “mania” have their etymologies in Ancient Greek. The word melancholia is derived from melas/μελας, meaning “black”, and chole/χολη, meaning “bile” or “gall”,[88] indicative of the term’s origins in pre-Hippocratic humoral theories. Within the humoral theories, mania was viewed as arising from an excess of yellow bile, or a mixture of black and yellow bile. The linguistic origins of mania, however, are not so clear-cut. Several etymologies are proposed by the Roman physician Caelius Aurelianus, including the Greek word ‘ania’, meaning to produce great mental anguish, and ‘manos’, meaning relaxed or loose, which would contextually approximate to an excessive relaxing of the mind or soul (Angst and Marneros 2001). There are at least five other candidates, and part of the confusion surrounding the exact etymology of the word mania is its varied usage in the pre-Hippocratic poetry and mythologies (Angst and Marneros 2001).

Karen Horney: Early life

Karen Horney (pronounced “horn-eye”) was born Karen Danielsen on September 16, 1885 in Hamburg. Her father, Berndt Wackels Danielson, was a ship’s captain, an authoritarian, and religious (his children nicknamed him “the Bible-thrower” for his actions). Her mother, Clotilde (known as “Sonni”) was very different, being much more urbane than Berndt. Karen’s older brother was also named Berndt, and Karen cared for him deeply. She also had four elder half-siblings from her father’s previous marriage

Page 1 of 3123»